How to Make a Cup of Tea free essay sample

[pic] â€Å"How to make a cup of tea† Submitted to: Md. Daud Ali Lecturer of English Department of English Submitted by: Ferzana Tanzim Emu Class: Roll no: Section: Date of submission 30. 09. 09 [pic] How to Make a Cup of Tea Many of you out there dont know how to make a cup of tea. I have mastered the art of making a cup of tea. I now share this with you, my loyal reader. First, you need fresh water. Pour out the water in the kettle. Pour in some fresh water. Place the kettle on the stove gets the heat going on till the water is boiled. You will need a teapot, a cup, a strainer, a teaspoon, and your favorite tea. Good tea does not come in tea bags. Good teas are loose and keep in a sealed container tin. I get my tea from Taza. They have the good stuff. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Make a Cup of Tea or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now here is the tricky part. You need to measure out a heaping teaspoon of tea and put it in the strainer holder. Isnt it amazing that the teaspoon holds exactly the right amount of tea for a cup of tea. If you are making more than one cup of tea, then you should put in one teaspoon per cup. Some people like to use teabags to skip all this, but that would be wrong. Next, you need to warm up your teapot. You want to make sure that the hot water used to brew your tea stays hot. To ensure this, you want to warm up  the teapot with a little hot water before you begin to brew. Just swish it around the teapot for a few seconds and then dump it out. The teapot should feel warm. Now you are ready to put the tea in the pot. Just dump it in. Now pour in the hot water. About a cup more that you are going to drink. The tea is now steeping in the pot. I let mine steep for about a minute. Too long, and the tea will be quite bitter. Use a small strainer to catch the tea leaves before they enter your cup. The cooking is complete. If desired, you can use sugar, zinger, and lemon, among many other variations. You have successful made a cup of tea. All thats left is to sit down and enjoy your tasty tea.

Programme planning in ece free essay sample

Programme planning is a vital part in an early childhood education service to provide quality education and care for the children. Throughout my essay I will be describing the purpose of programme planning in an early childhood education setting which will include the examples of how programme planning can be used and the components of programme planning and how they are related to Te Whaariki which is the â€Å"national curriculum for early childhood sector†. (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 7) To do programme planning in an early childhood education service, the educators link their planning to the documents, which are the Desirable of Objectives (DOPs), Te Whariki and the Regulation, 2008. In an early childhood education service planning cycle has no end. It is a continued cycle. According to the Te Whariki it states that â€Å"Planning the curriculum Whariki should be a continuing process, involving careful observation, identification of needs and capabilities, provision of resources, assessments, and evaluation†. We will write a custom essay sample on Programme planning in ece or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 28) The purpose of programme planning in an early childhood education service is to improve the ways that the educators work with children, help the educators to understand each child’s interest, strengths, needs, weaknesses, skills, knowledge, personality and cultural background and to find the learning and development progress of children. (Ministry of Education, 1998. p. 30). â€Å"Planning also help the educators to understand what children are learning, how the learning happens and the role that both educators and children play in children’s learning and development†. (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 28) To do planning, educators set goals and provide quality programmes to help children to learn and develop. According to Te Whaariki the purpose of planning is also to provide safe environment of learning and development for children in an early childhood education service as stated that â€Å"each early childhood education setting should plan its programme to facilitate achievement of the goals of each strand in the curriculum†. (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 28) In an early childhood education service, educators plan so that they could create quality programmes and refer back to make improvements to their programme. For example, to extend on the children’s interest and to find out the area they may need to improve on such as social, intellectual, emotional, physical and spiritual skills. The purpose of programme planning is also to ensure that the early childhood education service is providing learning programmes in accordance with the Ministry of Education (MOE) requirements. The educators need children’s voice, parents’ suggestions and ideas of the plan that helps them for their further development in the planning process. Programme planning involves many components. According to Ministry of Education (1998), the educators follow the components of DOPs three, which states that planning cycle for the programme planning is to â€Å"ensure that the curriculum facilitates the learning and development of the children† in their service. (Ministry of Education, 1998. p. 30). The planning cycle is on-going process. The first component is observation. This is a process of gathering the information, where the educators watch, taking notes and record what the children’s interest, behaviour and actions for the progress of the child’s learning and development skills, knowledge, interests, needs, strengths, values and understanding. (Ministry of Education, 1998. p. 30). These observations will help staffs and the parents to know where the child’s strengths and weaknesses are. There are some rules for observation in an early childhood services such as when the educators do observation, they should not interrupt the child otherwise the child will lose the interest from whatever he or she is working on, before doing observation the consent form need to be signed by the parent or caregiver for the permission to observe and according to Code Of Ethics for Registered Teacher (2004) the educators should respect the right of the child and the parent. The information that educators gather should be kept confidential and only used for child’s learning and development, that is the reason the Code of Ethics is very important in early childhood education services â€Å"to enhance the protection of children and those who work within the service†. (National Working Group, 1994). The second component is interpret and analyse, this is a process to examine the observation carefully, in order to identify the child’s interest, ability and skill which will help the educators to identify exactly what the children’s needs and improvements are. The third component is set learning objectives, this is the process when educators set out goals of what they expect children should achieve at the end of the programme which they plan. Also to find out the best programme, resources and activities that should be place in the learning environment. The fourth component is plan learning experiences. This process consider seven essential learning areas. These are language, mathematics, science, technology, social science, art and physical well-being. (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 94). For example, activities that children have some prior knowledge such as cooking or weaving at home with mum. The Fifth component is development and implement teaching strategies. This process is the methods and ways of operating activities in regards to the practice. Good teaching plans will support children to develop holistically. All strategies should invite all the children to be involved or participate. So that children can become competent and confident in learning as stated in Te Whariki’s vision for children is â€Å"to grow up as competent and confident learners and communicators, healthy in mind, body, and spirit, secure in their sense of belonging and in the knowledge that they make a valued contribution to the society†. (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 9). Assessments help teachers to document and share the information to parents and whanau. Assessments are used to gather information about children’s progress and achievements that will help their future learning and development of the children. It is used to improve the quality of teaching programmes. Assessment is used to find out a child’s ability, knowledge and skills, it also encourages. In the result of an assessment educators could identify the children’s strengths and weaknesses, so they can share child’s progress with parents, family, whanau and community. The sixth component is evaluate results. This process is to know if goals have been achieved or not. For example, did all the children in the centre enjoy it or participated in the activity? Evaluation is what educators do in relation to their plans or learning and teaching goals. The seventh component is reflect. This process is when educators reflect on the whole process, to see if there are any needs to make improvement. Educators do reflection of their planning to ensure that the activities have provided for children have included all the children in the centre, whether the safe environment has been set out and relevant resource has been given to children for their learning and development. According to the Regulation 2008 it states that the early childhood education services must â€Å"take all the reasonable steps to promote the good health and safety of the children attending the centre†. (Regulation, 2008). Reflection can also help the educators, parents, family, whanau and the community to celebrate the progression in children’s work. This planning cycle allows the educators to be professional in an early childhood education service so that they could provide quality service. (Ministry of Education, 1998. p. 30) The two documents Te Whariki and Quality in Action (DOPs) components relate to each other because it explains about educators, parents, whanau working together in a close relationship to develop strength and to empower them, so that all of the learning and development is holistic for the child. As stated in Te Whariki â€Å"children will grow into a competent and confident learner, secure in mind, body and soul; also knowing that children’s strong sense of belonging so they could make a valuable contributions to the society in future†. (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 9). Te Whariki support educators to provide quality programmes that plan, evaluate and assess learning and development of the children. Te Whariki is to maintain â€Å"consistency of high quality care and education for all children in New Zealand†. (Ministry of Education, 1996. p. 7) The early childhood education centre philosophy tells us about the kind of programme the centre provide for children, parents, families and whanau and the community. The educators ensures that the philosophy should be the basis for their programme. The Kiwicare Childcare Centre’s philosophy is â€Å"healthy bodies educated minds†. According to the Kiwicare Childcare Centre policies the teachers always have a quality adult to children ratio. According to the Regulation 2008 the role of an adult in an early childhood education setting is to provide quality care and education for children. (Regulation, 2008). The teacher’s role in the Kiwicare Childcare Centre is to provide the quality environment and natural resources to enhance children’s learning and development. For example, wood, clay, sand and insects for children to learn and develop. Adult role helps children to extend their learning and development through scaffolding, guidance and support. According to the theorist Vygotsky, he believes that the children’s â€Å"learning needs support, guidance, and modelling to make it happen†. (Penrose, 1998, p. 73). Vygotsky also believes that â€Å"working together gives opportunities for the child to explore the experience†. The teacher’s role at Kiwicare Childcare Centre is to encourage children, teachers, family and community to build warm responsive relationships. In the centre every staff work together to contribute to the planning and work towards their goals. Parents, family and whanau and community involve to celebrate special events, cultural functions. For example bringing in elder to tell culture stories, dance and song to all the children in the services. The teaching strategies that teachers at Kiwicare Childcare Centre uses to help children’s learning and development is role modelling. This strategy inspire the children to make a difference or want to be like adults. Children like to copy what adult do. For example a girl saw the teacher taking photo with camera. After that she runs to the toys box looking for the toy camera, and shows to the teacher that she is taking photos with camera too. Teacher’s use simple or clear instruction to children so that they will understand and become competent and confident learner in later life. Teachers demonstrate the activities at the mat time and ask questions to engage the children to the programme. In my conclusion, I would like to say that the programme planning is important element in early childhood education setting. The DOPs three clearly describe that the planning cycle is an on-going process, which can start at any of the stage. In a quality early childhood education service, they must apply the documents which is provided by the Ministry of Education. PLANNING FOR YOUNG CHILDREN IN AN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION SERVICE Theme: Promoting Healthy Eating in Kiwicare Childcare Centre. Date: 18/03/2014 Time: 8:45am Duration: 20 minutes Age Group: 2. 5 – 4. 5 years Strands: Well Being Goal: Children experience an environment where their health is promoted. Learning Outcome: Children develop: Knowledge about how to keep themselves healthy. Self-help and self-care skills for eating. Positive attitudes towards eating. Increasing understanding of their bodies and how they function. Teaching Resources: Artificial fruits. (banana, apple, pear, orange and grapes) Songs in different languages. (Samoan and English) Musical instrument. (using my resource Lalli while singing) Pictures Teaching Strategies: Art work Taking children to fruit shops. Support and help children in singing the fruit song. Providing fruit books for children. Make sure that children are safe while doing the activity. Delivery: Set the fruits and the musical instrument (lalli) on the mat. Introduce children with the fruits in English and Samoan language and the sing the song in English and Samoan language and paying lalli. Ask open ended questions. For example: what colour is banana, apple, orange, grapes and pear. SONG ENGLISH Apple, orange (2), banana (2), Pear and grapes (2), are good for you. SAMOAN Apu, moli (2), fai pula (2), Pea male vine (2) lalai moi e Assessment Activity: Children were so excited when they saw fruits on the mat. Five children came and join me. Children enjoyed the song in both language. Every child waited for their turn to play with the musical instrument. Evaluation: The activity was really good children took interest in singing and doing actions when I sing the song. Next time I will interact more with the children and have more fruits and also introducing numbers in different languages.

Canada is the Best Place to be essays

Canada is the Best Place to be essays Canada Is One Of The Best Places To Be To me, Canada is the best country in the world. There are plenty of opportunities to succeed here and have a great life. After many years of hardships and frustrations, my husband, my daughter, and I immigrated to Canada in 1996. We came here to escape the tyranny of the Romanian corrupt and vicious government and to build a better life in Canada. Some people think that the grass is always greener on the other side, and I agree. I had to go away in order to achieve my dreams. For me Canada is unique because I will be able to fulfill my dreams and build a better life for my family. My decision to move to Canada was largely due to the opportunities that this country has to offer. This is a great place to build a new career and gain valuable skills. Here are some of the reasons why Canada is the best place to be and work: it has a strong commitment to education, an enviable health system and a high standard of living. Education has two main goals: to give individuals the opportunity to develop themselves, and to provide society with the skills it needs to evolve in its best interests. Canada ranks among the worlds leaders for per capita spending on public education. Canada maintains this level of investment because it continues to generate healthy returns. Comprehensive diversified and available to everyone, Canadas educational system reflects the Canadian belief in the importance of education. Canadas health care system is the best in the world. The aim of the national health insurance program is to ensure that all residents of Canada have reasonable access to medically necessary insured services without direct charges. Life expectancy at birth in Canada is among the highest in the world. Canadas approach to multiculturalism was cited as a model for other countries. The country is often described as a cultural mosaic that encourages citiz ...

Indonesia - Geography, History, and More

Indonesia - Geography, History, and More Population: 240,271,522 (July 2009 estimate)Capital: JakartaMajor Cities: Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, SemarangArea: 735,358 square miles (1,904,569 sq km)Bordering Countries: Timor-Leste, Malaysia, Papua New GuineaCoastline: 33,998 miles (54,716 km)Highest Point: Puncak Jaya at 16,502 feet (5,030 m)Indonesia is the worlds largest archipelago with 13,677 islands (6,000 of which are inhabited). Indonesia has a long history of political and economic instability and has only recently begun to grow more secure in those areas. Today Indonesia is a growing tourist hotspot because of its tropical landscape in places such as Bali.Indonesias HistoryIndonesia has a long history that began with organized civilizations on the islands of Java and Sumatra. From the 7th to the 14th century, Srivijaya, a Buddhist Kingdom grew on Sumatra and at its peak it spread from West Java to the Malay Peninsula. By the 14th century, eastern Java saw the rise of the Hindu Kingdom Majapahit and its chief minister fr om 1331 to 1364, Gadjah Mada, was able to gain control of much of what is present-day Indonesia. Islam however, arrived in Indonesia in the 12th century and by the end of the 16th century, it replaced Hinduisim as the dominant religion in Java and Sumatra.In the early 1600s, the Dutch began growing large settlements on Indonesias islands and by 1602, they were in control of much of the country (except East Timor which belonged to Portugal). The Dutch then ruled Indonesia for 300 years as the Netherlands East Indies.By the early 20th century, Indonesia began a movement for independence which grew particularly large between World Wars I and II and Japan occupied Indonesia during WWII. Following Japans surrender to the Allies during the war though, a small group of Indonesians proclaimed independence for Indonesia. On August 17, 1945 this group established the Republic of Indonesia.In 1949, the new Republic of Indonesia adopted a constitution that established a parliamentary system of government. It was unsuccessful though because the executive branch of Indonesias government was to be chosen by parliament itself which was divided among various political parties. In the years following its independence, Indonesia struggled to govern itself and there were several unsuccessful rebellions beginning in 1958. In 1959, President Soekarno re-established a provisional constitution that had been written in 1945 to provide broad presidential powers and take power from the parliament. This act led to an authoritarian government termed Guided Democracy from 1959 to 1965.In the late 1960s, President Soekarno transferred his political power to General Suharto who eventually became Indonesias president in 1967. The new President Suharto established what he called the New Order to rehabilitate Indonesias economy. President Suharto controlled the country until he resigned in 1998 after years of continued civil unrest.Indonesias third president, President Habibie, then took power in 1999 and began rehabilitating Indonesias economy and restructuring the government. Since then, Indonesia has held several successful elections, its economy is growing and the count ry is becoming more stable. Government of IndonesiaToday, Indonesia is a republic with a single legislative body that is made up of the House of Representatives. The House is split into an upper body, called the Peoples Consultative Assembly, and lower bodies called the Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat and the House of Regional Representatives. The executive branch is comprised of the chief of state and the head of government- both of which are filled by the president.Indonesia is divided into 30 provinces, two special regions and one special capital city.Economics and Land Use in IndonesiaIndonesias economy is centered on agriculture and industry. The main agricultural products of Indonesia are rice, cassava, peanuts, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra, poultry, beef, pork and eggs. Indonesias largest industrial products include petroleum and natural gas, plywood, rubber, textiles and cement. Tourism is also a growing sector of Indonesias economy.Geography and Climate of IndonesiaThe topography of Indonesias islands varies but it consists mainly of coastal lowlands. Some of Indonesias larger islands (Sumatra and Java for example) have large interior mountains. Because the 13,677 islands that make up Indonesia are located on the two continental shelves, many of these mountains are volcanic and there are several crater lakes on the islands. Java for example has 50 active volcanoes.Because of its location, natural disasters, especially earthquakes, are common in Indonesia. On December 26, 2004 for example, a 9.1 to 9.3 magnitude earthquake struck in the Indian Ocean which triggered a large tsunami that devastated many Indonesian islands (images).Indonesias climate is tropical with hot and humid weather in lower elevations. In the highlands of Indonesias islands, temperatures are more moderate. Indonesia also has a wet season that lasts from December to March.Indonesia Facts Indonesia is the worlds fourth most populous country (behind China, India and the United States)Indonesia is the worlds largest Muslim countryLife expectancy in Indonesia is 69.6 yearsBahasa Indonesia is the countrys official language but English, Dutch and other native languages are spoken as well To learn more about Indonesia visit the Geography and maps section of this website. References Central Intelligence Agency. (2010, March 5). CIA - The World Factbook Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/id.html Infoplease. (n.d.). Indonesia: History, Geography, Government, and Culture - Infoplease.com. Retrieved from infoplease.com/ipa/A0107634.html United States Department of State. (2010, January). Indonesia (01/10). Retrieved from state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2748.htm

Fashion blog posts Wedding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fashion blog posts Wedding - Essay Example The paper "Fashion blog posts Wedding" provides information about wedding dresses. One of the latest trends for bridesmaids is with the summer style dresses. If you want to tap into the perfect fit, then you can look at styles and designs that are cocktail length, which creates a look of both elegance and high – end style for bridesmaids. You can also find suitable fashion statements with off the shoulder and one – sleeve styles. If you want to add even more beauty, then you can find subtle accents, such as pleats and cuts that create a feeling of ambiance from every bridesmaid. With the newest trends in bridesmaid dresses, you will easily be able to make your summer wedding a fashionable occasion. Fashion sense for brides to be begins with a white dress, but also includes making a last statement that is based on the hottest trends of the season. The evening wear that is available for brides – to – be can help you to show your strong fashion sense while al lowing you to make the most out of an engagement or Bachelorette party. When you are planning for the extra evening dresses, you want it to show off an en vogue style that makes a statement as your last party as a single. The latest trends include dresses that are defined with pleats and twists that will keep heads turning for your evening out. These are combined with cocktail style length dresses that refine elegance so you can create the perfect slant to the fashion statement you want to make before your wedding.

The Role of Consumer Behavior in Marketing Decisions Essay - 1

The Role of Consumer Behavior in Marketing Decisions - Essay Example Even though Starbucks has positioned itself as a high end coffee shop, it still depends on its consumers to uphold the image. ‘Product use is often of great interest to the marketer, because this may influence how a product is best positioned or how we can encourage increased consumption’ (Perner, n.d). Thus for the purpose of this paper, consumer behavior will be studied through an interview with five selected people and the result of the interview will help generate an understanding of the current image and positioning of Starbucks among its buyers. Findings of the Interview Through the interview with the five people who had at some point of their lives bought Starbucks, it was found that Starbucks is a brand that many people aspire for. The interviewees for this report belong to the medium income group. Mostly people visit Starbucks on a weekly basis or even on a once biweekly basis. The consumers studied for this report where people who loved coffee and had it almost daily. Most of them have coffee machines at home or a local coffee shop where they go daily. Starbucks is not a daily option for these people since it is a premium brand where products are priced high as compared to the competition. In the time of recession, the price of the product plays a great factor in the buying decision. However, the people interviewed love Starbucks and wished they could go there more often. They visit Starbucks when they want to relax and have a good time. When asked to define the personality of Starbucks as a person, animal or tree; varied interesting responses were received that included a brown grizzly loving bear, a brownie, a warm lover and even Oprah Winfrey for her loving nature and bright smile. Even though the consumers loved the brand, most said that they would be apprehensive if the brand introduced a contrary product such as its own iPad or mobile phone. One of the customers however said, why not. He said that Starbucks has also been successful at developing new products and given its success in developing new products, it can also be successful in making iPads. According to him, if Google can launch the Andriod, Starbucks can also launch a totally different product. A few of the consumers said that if the product was related to food or coffee such as coffee soap, they would be willing to consider buying the product. Discussion The findings of the interview match with the current knowledge that has been gathered through reviewing literature available on Starbucks and by understanding it in light of the marketing theories available. Starbuck is one of the most preferred brands in terms of coffee because of the positioning of the brand. The consumers prefer the image of Starbucks as it sells the best coffee in the country according to the consumers. Along with the good taste of Starbucks’ products, the consumers love the customer service of the shop. They even compare the customer service to a warm lover who attracts people through the love it instills in the customers. One important thing that the consumer survey helped us to find was the impact of recession on the buying behavior of the consumer. Since recession has impacted everyone, people are more conscious of where they spend their

An analysis of aldis strategy

An analysis of aldis strategy Introduction In 1948, the brothers Theo and Karl Albrecht opened the grocery store ‘Albrecht Discounts (Aldi) in Essen (Ruhr Valley), Germany. The store had a simple layout and provided a great deal of products at a low price. The company grew rapidly, owning 13 stores in 1950 and about 300 stores in 1961 across Germany. In 1961, Theo and Karl divided the company into Aldi North (run by Theo) and Aldi South (run by Karl). The reasons for this division, according to Dieter Brandes, a former managing director of Aldi in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, were different views about how to develop the business. However, the brothers normally exchanged information about a range of issues such as performance and cost figures, current and potential suppliers and they also conducted joint negotiations with suppliers. In 2003, Theo and Karl resigned as CEOs. Theos son, Theo Albrecht Jr, now runs Aldi North, and Juergen Kroll and Norbert Podschlapp run Aldi South. Since the ‘Spend a little Live a lot message is being known by more and more people, and Aldi has been obtained ‘Best Supermarket 2009 Award in 2009, Aldi has become one of most reputable retailer in the international business, and it operates over 7,000 stores worldwide. Considering of this situation, it would be interesting to understand and analyse the management strategies of Aldi. Therefore, my project will analyse management strategies of Aldi which operates a discount supermarket chain in the retail industry. The paper begins by using PEST analysis, Porters 5 forces analysis and Competitors analysis to analyse the environment of supermarket industry. The next section is to analyse the strategic capability of Aldi. The following section discusses purpose of Aldi, and the final section draws recommendations for improvement of Aldis strategy. Section 1: Environmental Analysis PEST analysis Based on using a PEST analysis, it is likely to recognize the core environmental influences on Aldi. Firstly, it is well-known that the major economic factor is the global recession which originally caused by the United States housing bubble during the period from 2005 to 2008. This financial event has been to strongly motivate customers who begin to purchase inexpensive products with high quality. This means that Aldi will attract a great deal of customers without advertising and doing activities of sales promotion. Because of this situation, it is not necessary to conduct new strategies for the growth of customers. On the other hand, global recession possibly result in the increase of products cost, thus there is a doubt of whether Aldi could sale low-price products with good quality. Therefore, Aldi should consider this problem in order to ensure future growth. Furthermore, social factors impact on Aldi includes the change in consumer taste, some of lifestyle changes and health concerns. It is clear that in recent years more and more consumers start changing their taste, for instance, an increasing demand for organic foods and ban of GM foods. Aldi should consider this factor because it may impacts on the future products development of strategy. Moreover, there is not doubt that some of lifestyle changes such as home shopping and interest usage might increase online shopping, thus according to this factor, Aldi possibly invest more funds to enhance their online service and deliverys service. Recently, health concern has become a key issue around the world, so consumers tend to purchase health products without worrying about the price. For example, BSE outbreak precipitated ban of British beef (Elliott, 2005). There do not seem to any main political and technological factors in the environment that Aldi needs to consider. Porters five forces In order to effectively analyse the competitive environment of Aldi, it is better to use Porters five forces to analyse (Porter, 1985). According to the analysis, the threat of new entrants into the supermarket industry in the UK is not high. It is clear that Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury and other supermarket chains may set up considerable barriers to entry for new entrants. For instance, the new supermarket will not be able to access inexpensive and reliable suppliers because Tesco may have cornered the market for certain goods. However, there is evidence of size and power of large supermarket unable to retaliate on price, value and quality. For example, Aldi successfully obtain more market share in the UK in recent years, because it has applied the strategy of low-price products with high quality. Furthermore, it is not doubt that buying power of consumers was high because they had so much choice, and their actions can force prices decline. For example, if beans are too expensive in Aldi, buyers will move to another supermarket to purchase, thus a price was will happen immediately among supermarkets. Moreover, it is believed that suppliers power was low because of low cost of switching suppliers and alternative source of supply. However, sometimes suppliers may stand a high power. For instance, normally suppliers signed a contract with retailers about paying a certain price for their products, but if retailers do not pay the price, suppliers will delay the products delivery or do not send goods to them. Competitive rivalry is very high in the supermarket industry. The core reason for competition is strong in the supermarket industry because price wars always happen among supermarkets. Based on price wars, winner can gain more market share. For instance Aldi gave the highest discount to gain a part of market share while it enters the UK supermarket industry. Product for product substitution within supermarket industry is the main threat, thus it is believed that the threat of substitutes is strong. For instance, Aldi has competition from companies like Asda or Tesco that can provide substitutes for their goods. This may drives a low-price of groceries in both companies. Competitors analysis Aldi not only faces the competition of strong supermarkets such as Tesco, but also faces the threat of Lidl as the discount store. In 2008, Tesco launched a new strategy that setting 34 discount brands across 350 categories and reduce its price to attract more customers to purchase products in Tesco in order to defend the price war of Aldi (Reuters, 2008). After that, the sales of Tesco has increased by 6.7 percent according to researchers TNS World panel reported (Reuters, 2008). Furthermore, Tesco possible offers great range of discount brands in the future, and negotiates with more suppliers to decrease the price of goods in order to gain more market share. Tesco has applied another strategy that it has opened 24 hours Tesco express to service for consumers to buy products in the evening, which also increase the sales of products in Tesco. Considering this situation, Tesco will be the core competitor for Aldi. Therefore, Aldi should pay more attention to Tescos development. Beside the competition of Tesco, Aldi also faces the strong competition from Lidl as one of the largest grocery retailers in Europe, because Lidl has almost the same target customers and similar sales strategy with Aldi. Moreover, possibly Lidl may enter into tourism in order to increase its competitiveness. Therefore, Lidl is the most powerful enemy for Aldi in the supermarket industry. Section 2: Capability Analysis Strategic capability Firstly, Aldi successfully saves the cost of hiring employees. In each shop, Aldi only employs less than six employees to work per day. Although few people work for Aldi, services for customers have never been later, for example, if there is a long queue waiting for checking out, a special ring is used to call other colleagues to open the other line. Furthermore, Aldi efficiently saves the cost of building up stores. Kumar (2006) states that â€Å"Another efficiency stems from the fact that Aldi sets up outlets on side streets in downtown areas and in suburbs, where real estate is relatively inexpensive. Since it uses small spaces, the companys start-up costs are low, which enables it to blanket markets: Aldi now owns 4,100 stores in Germany and 7,500 worldwide†. Aldi also presents other strategic capabilities which help it to successfully reach its goal. According to Kumar (2006), â€Å"Aldis stores display products on pallets rather than shelves in order to cut restocking time and save money†. In addition, consumers need to bring their bags or purchase bags while they are shopping in Aldis shops (Kumar, 2006). Section 3: Purpose The mission of Alid is to make prefect quality products available to its customers at the lowest possible price, and make its customers to enjoy the best for less. Furthermore, the objective of Aldi is to sell products that are popular with customers, made from the best possible ingredients and represent brilliant value for money. All of these are key considerations when deciding on the products that we offer. Corporate Social Responsibility Aldi is a responsible business, and they value both the trust and satisfaction of their customers. Aldi promise to delivering high quality products; not just in terms of safety and value, but also in terms of the social and ecological criteria involved in their production. Moreover, Aldi (2009) presents that â€Å"Aldi take their responsibilities as an international retailer seriously and they are active members of the Business Social Compliance Initiative (BSCI)†. Human Rights, Labour Standards, Environmental Protection and Fighting Corruption As a member of BSCI, all of the European operations of the Aldi South Group, including their suppliers, are committed to complete the principles of the BSCI code of conduct. According to Aldi (2009), â€Å"This code of conduct promotes compliance with local and national legislation and specifically prohibits: Child labour Forced labour and unlawful disciplinary measures Discrimination of any kind Excessive working hours Poor health and safety provisions Non-payment of minimum wage Infringements on freedom of association and collective bargaining rights Poor environmental protection practices Bribery and corruption.† Aldis membership of BSCI also promises it and its suppliers to the execution of an independent social auditing programme, set to international criteria. It aims to use this programme to normally examine its social performance and, together with its suppliers, it also aims to identify that the social conditions in its supply chain adhere to the highest possible standards. In addition to Aldi (2009) states that â€Å"Aldis membership of BSCI, Aldi is also committed to the following international standards: The fundamental principles, rights and working standards of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) The UN Declaration of Human Rights and the principles of the UN Global Compact†. Organisational Culture Aldis founders have strongly impacted on its culture, and its cultural rules and values reflect Aldis philosophy, guiding principles and business strategy. Furthermore, it is easy and clear for employees, managers and customers to understand the Aldi model that is the provision of low-price products with high quality. It is well-known that the aim of Aldi is to avoid unnecessary cost wherever possible, and urge employees and managers at all levels of the company are very cost conscious and greatly focus on to economic efficiency, because Aldi is not allowed to waste. For example, one of typical rules is that all of employees have to switch off lights in offices when there was enough daylight from outside. Therefore, the concept of ‘cost-watching extends into all areas of the value chain, including the development of new techniques for warehouse management or for the transport of goods. Beside pay more attention on economic efficiency, Aldi also aim to find small improvements in all aspects and to develop pleasure in achieving small successes. This culture of continual improvement is accompanied by a strong focus on the development and implementation of solutions. Aldi will try new ideas and solutions, rather than revealing detailed analysis, for example, new products are not subjected to detail market analyses, but are tested in three shops. If they are successful, meaning that they achieve a fast, pre-determined minimum turnover, they are introduced in all other shops. The organisational culture is strengthened by Aldis selection and recruitment approach. Managerial talent from inside the Aldi is carefully selected, developed and enhanced. Moreover, significant qualities for potential managers are a high attention on economic efficiency, fairness towards others, including suppliers, modesty, and reservation towards the public and the press. These behavioural characteristics are strengthened by job descriptions outlining clear goals and competencies. Aldi managers have always been employed in different parts of the organisation, including the shops and the warehouse. They have to understand how Aldi operates and have ingested the organisational culture. For example, area managers need to understand the structural and procedural factors of retail management, including store operations and trading rights, administration, logistics and property management when they go through a 12-month training project. The program is described as follows (Area Managers, 2005): â€Å"An important part of this program centres on Aldis management system, including its focus on economic efficiency. The first part of the training takes place in a store where future area managers take over the role of a store manager for several months. This ‘hands on approach aims to acquaint them with Aldis operations, but also its business philosophy and core values. During the second part of the training, future area managers work alongside experienced colleagues and learn about their role and responsibilities. This includes the tasks of recruitment, planning and organisation of the stores.† Section 4: Recommendations Since global economy in recession, the sales of Aldi in the UK have been dramatically increasing, because Aldi is selling the low-price products with high quality to customers who would like to spend little money for goods in order to safely spend this period. Although the sales of Aldi in the UK have been slightly grown, comparing with Tesco, the market shares of Aldi still not match. Firstly, Aldi need to invest in new product development. The core reason for that is Tesco has developed some of discount products for new target market in order to capture more market shares from Aldi. Therefore, Aldi need to develop more new discount products in order to against new strategy of Tesco, and also keep its competition in the UK market. In addition, it is highly possible to launch its private label to open new segment market. Based on this idea, Aldi may enhance its brand and increase its market shares in the UK. Otherwise, Aldi may directly sell its products to some of small retailers which like canteen in University campus or in the street of city centre. This possibly motivates the growth of sales of Aldis products. Aldis website also needs to be improved in order to attract more people to shop in Aldi. 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